大型、薄壁鋁件加工

用於大餘量鋁件CNC加工 (大的, 薄壁, 鋁型腔零件), 以便加工過程中有較好的散熱條件，避免熱集中, 加工時應採用對稱加工. 如果有一塊90mm厚的鋁板需要處理到60mm, 如果一側被銑削, 另一面應立即銑削, 一次加工到最終尺寸後平整度只能達到5mm;
如果採用重複進給對稱加工, 每面均經過兩次加工至最終尺寸, 平整度可確保達到0.3mm.

2. If multiple cavities are processed on aluminum alloy sheet parts, it is not advisable to use the sequential processing method from one cavity to one cavity during processing. This will easily cause the parts to be deformed due to uneven force. 採用多層加工, and each layer is processed to all cavities at the same time as possible. Then process the next layer of all cavities to make the parts evenly stressed and reduce deformation.

3. Reduce cutting force and cutting heat by changing the cutting and milling thickness. Among the three elements of cutting amount, milling thickness has a great influence on cutting force. 如果加工餘量太大, 一次切削力太大, 這不僅會使零件變形, 也會影響工具機主軸的剛性，降低刀具的耐用度. If the thickness of the milling is reduced, 生產效率會大幅降低. 然而, CNC加工中的高速銑削可以克服這個問題. While reducing the depth of milling, as long as the feed is correspondingly increased and the speed of the machine tool is increased, 在確保加工效率的同時可以減少切削力.

4. The cutting sequence of milling should also be paid attention to. 粗加工強調加工效率的提升與追求單位時間的去除率. 一般來說, up-milling can be used. 那是, 以最快的速度、最短的時間去除毛坯表面多餘的材料, 精加工所需的幾何輪廓已基本形成. 精加工的重點是高精度和高品質, 應使用順銑. 因為順銑時刀齒的切削厚度從最大逐漸減少到零, 加工硬化程度大大降低, 同時減少零件的變形程度.

5. The deformation of thin-walled workpieces due to clamping during processing is unavoidable even after finishing. 為了盡量減少工件的變形, the pressing piece can be loosened before the finishing process reaches the final size, so that the workpiece can be restored to its original shape freely. Then lightly compress it to the extent that it can just clamp the workpiece, 從而獲得理想的加工效果. 簡而言之, 夾緊力的作用點最好在支撐面上, and the clamping force should act in the direction of good rigidity of the workpiece. 在保證工件不會鬆脫的前提下, 夾緊力越小, 越好.

6. 加工帶型腔的鋁零件時, try not to let the milling cutter plunge directly into the part like a drill. 因此, 銑刀容屑空間不夠, the chip removal is not smooth, and the parts are overheated, expanded, and the tool collapses and breaks. 第一的, drill the hole with a drill of the same size as the milling tool or one size larger, and then mill with the milling tool. 或者, 可利用CAM軟體製作螺旋切削程序. 影響鋁件加工精度和表面品質的主要因素是此類零件在加工過程中容易變形, 這就要求操作人員有一定的操作經驗和技能.

CNC加工大型鋁型腔零件