The use of short cutting tools is the main feature of five-axis machining. Short tools will significantly reduce tool deviation, thereby obtaining a good surface quality, avoiding rework, reducing the amount of welding rod used, and shortening the processing time of EDM. When considering five-axis machining, the goals of using five-axis machining molds must be considered:
Use the shortest cutting tool possible to complete the processing of the entire workpiece. It also includes reducing programming, clamping and processing time but can get a more perfect surface quality.
As long as the workpiece cavity is not very deep (relative to the tool diameter), a three-axis tool path (2, 3, 5) is sufficient. If the workpiece cavity is very deep and has very narrow parts, it is not enough to use a pure three-axis tool path to complete the entire finishing. ಈ ವಿಷಯದಲ್ಲಿ, poor surface quality and long processing time ensue. ಚಿತ್ರ 1 is the case of a three-axis tool path. Here, the shortest tool must be very long in order to be able to machine all areas of the workpiece in the vertical direction.
ಚಿತ್ರ 1, Three-axis machining path
When using a shorter tool, the spindle should be tilted to ensure that the special area of the workpiece can be processed. 3+2 axis machining is usually considered as setting a constant angle to the spindle. Complex workpieces may require many oblique views to cover the entire workpiece, but this will cause tool paths to overlap and increase machining time.
ಜೊತೆಗೆ, all the oblique views are difficult to accurately combine, so the workload of manual polishing will increase, ಮತ್ತು ಅದೇ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ, it will greatly increase the movement in and out, which often leads to surface quality problems and more tool movement.
ಚಿತ್ರ 2, 3+2 axis tool pathFinally, programming in this way will interfere with each other and is time-consuming, and the sum of all views often cannot cover the entire geometry. ಚಿತ್ರ 2 demonstrates four workpiece views, but there is still an area in the center of the workpiece that cannot be covered. This area still needs an additional oblique view.
ಚಿತ್ರ 3, 5-axis tool path
ನ್ಯೂನತೆಗಳನ್ನು ನಿವಾರಿಸುವ ಸಲುವಾಗಿ 3+2 ಅಕ್ಷದ ಯಂತ್ರ, ಐದು-ಅಕ್ಷದ ಏಕಕಾಲಿಕ ಯಂತ್ರವು ಉತ್ತಮ ಆಯ್ಕೆಯಾಗಿರಬಹುದು, ಕೆಲವು ಐದು-ಅಕ್ಷದ ಯಂತ್ರೋಪಕರಣಗಳು ಅಚ್ಚು ಉದ್ಯಮಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ವಿನ್ಯಾಸಗೊಳಿಸಲಾದ ಕೆಲವು ಕಾರ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿವೆ ಎಂದು ನಮೂದಿಸಬಾರದು. ಐದು-ಅಕ್ಷದ ಲಿಂಕೇಜ್ ಯಂತ್ರವು ಒಂದೇ ಸಮಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಚಲಿಸುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡಲು ಮೂರು ರೇಖೀಯ ಅಕ್ಷಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಎರಡು ರೋಟರಿ ಅಕ್ಷಗಳನ್ನು ಸಂಯೋಜಿಸಬಹುದು, ಇದು 3-ಅಕ್ಷದ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗಳನ್ನು ಪರಿಹರಿಸುತ್ತದೆ ಮತ್ತು 3+2 ಅಕ್ಷದ ಯಂತ್ರ. ಉಪಕರಣವು ತುಂಬಾ ಚಿಕ್ಕದಾಗಿರಬಹುದು, ವೀಕ್ಷಣೆಗಳ ಅತಿಕ್ರಮಣವಿಲ್ಲ, ಸಂಸ್ಕರಣಾ ಪ್ರದೇಶವನ್ನು ಕಳೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವ ಸಾಧ್ಯತೆ ಕಡಿಮೆ, ಮತ್ತು ಹೆಚ್ಚುವರಿ ಆಮದು ಮತ್ತು ರಫ್ತು ಇಲ್ಲದೆ ಸಂಸ್ಕರಣೆಯನ್ನು ನಿರಂತರವಾಗಿ ನಿರ್ವಹಿಸಬಹುದು (ಚಿತ್ರ ನೋಡಿ 3).